Octave between C 4 = c ’ (middle C) and C 5= c ’’. The concert pitch A 4 = a ’ on the piano lies in the The only other sense in which it is 'in the middle'. Modern inventions, and relative to modern human vocal ranges) that is Treble and bass staffs (the current position of the clefs being relatively Notationally it is the point of symmetry between the It is is the lowest note on the standard flute, almost the highest note For most other instruments it is not in the middleĪt all. 'Middle C' is in any case only approximately in the middle for the Nth piano key number, as shown in the table: The following equation will give the frequency f of the So you can find out logically, whether a sound recording was made in Europe or in the U.S.Ī pure tone with the frequency f = 440 Hz has the amplitude function:Ī = sin (880 π × t) - where t is given in seconds. is a minor third higherĬlose to the pitch of A 1/B 1 = 58.27 Hz (58 Hz). The factor 0.94387431268169349664191315666757.Ī sound engineer should know the following: The AC hum of 50 Hz in Europe is close to In the twelve-semitone scale the frequency of the next semitone (halftone) is higher by The sound frequencies of the 88 keys on the piano are: The German system is used also in many other countries, as there areĪ 'normal' piano has the following dimensions: width 145 to 150 cm, height 115 to 125 cm, depth 52 to 60 cm.Ī typical 'keyboard' has 61 keys today. The standard pitch tuning is A4 (A above middle C) − in German-speaking countries it is called a’. Scientific Pitch Notation ( SPN), also known as American Standard Pitch Notation The English and American scientific system versus the German system Music notation systems − Music frequencies of equal temperament tuning Naming of musical notes and piano keys.

Midi note number for c0